Types of electric scooters
Off-road electric scooters: a separate class with 8–11 kW, hydraulic suspension and its own legal reality
Profile of the off-road / hyperscooter class of electric scooters: dual-motor 5–11 kW layouts on 72 V Li-ion 21700, hydraulic suspension (KKE, Logan), 4-piston hydraulic brakes, 10–11″ tires, 45–55 kg mass. Legal status: private land only in the UK, outside eKFV in Germany, outside PLET in Ukraine. Reference examples: Dualtron Thunder 3, NAMI Burn-E 2, Kaabo Wolf King GT Pro, Apollo Phantom, Weped SST/GTR. Injury data from JAMA Network Open 2024 and CPSC 2017–2024.