User guide
E-scooter aerodynamics: drag, CdA, and yaw
Why a standing rider posture is the worst CdA configuration of any personal vehicle, and why drag power dominates rolling resistance from ~19 km/h.
weather
Articles, guides, and products tagged "weather" — a combined view of every catalogue resource on this topic.
User guide
Real-world e-scooter range: a physics-based energy-budget model
A physics model that estimates real-world range from speed, load, temperature, wind, terrain and tyre pressure, and explains why nameplate range is overstated.
User guide
E-scooter environmental robustness engineering
How scooters are tested for cold, heat, vibration, shock, salt and dust per IEC 60068-2, ISO 16750 and MIL-STD-810H — beyond the static IP rating.
User guide
Operating an electric scooter in hot weather: limits and protection
How heat affects an electric scooter: Li-ion ageing above +30 °C, brake fade, tyres on hot asphalt, IP protection in a downpour, and rider heat stress.
User guide
What the IEC 60529 IP rating on an electric scooter really means
What the two-digit IEC 60529 IP code means, how scooter seals and board coatings work, and why a factory rating fades with age instead of lasting for life.
User guide
Riding an e-scooter in fog and low visibility
How fog differs from night and rain, why high beam backfires, how reflectors and hi-vis fade, dealing with visor fogging, and safe speed by visibility.
User guide
Riding in the rain: what an IP rating really means for your scooter
What an IP rating really means in practice, why makers advise against heavy rain, how to adjust speed and braking, and how to dry the scooter afterwards.
User guide
Riding an e-scooter in wind: physics, range and safety
How wind affects an e-scooter: why a headwind eats range, why crosswind is the real hazard, and how to plan your route and posture by the Beaufort scale.
User guide
Riding an e-scooter on difficult road surfaces
How cobblestones, tram tracks, gravel, wet leaves and road markings change e-scooter grip, with practical advice on speed, tyre pressure, stance and braking.